enterprise key management, and cryptographic hardware. It also engages in the sale and distribution of computer peripherals and software; and sale and integration of user management and provisioning solutions giving large organizations the ability to control user access to networks, applications, and data. nCipher Corporation Ltd. enables businesses to identify who can access data, to protect data in transit and at rest, and to comply with privacy-driven regulations. It serves banks, pharmaceutical, energy, aerospace, and defense companies. The company has operations in Americas, Europe, the Middle East, Africa, and the Asia-Pacific Rim. The company was formerly known as NCIPHER LIMITED and changed its name to nCipher Corporation Ltd. in February, 1997. The company was founded in 1996 and is headquartered in Cambridge, United Kingdom. It has additional offices in Stoneham, Massachusetts; Milpitas, California; Hamburg, Germany; and Tokyo, Japan. As of October 13, 2008, nCipher Corporation Ltd. operates as a subsidiary of Thales Holdings UK Plc.